Family doctors know that many patients get unneeded prescriptions. Obstetricians know that too many babies are delivered by C-section. Radiologists have seen a lot of pointless chest X-rays. Blood tests, EKGs, Pap tests and MRIs all are overused.
In fact, when doctors sit down with the medical evidence within their specialties, hundreds of tests and treatments turn out to be frequently unnecessary, duplicative or even harmful.
For the U.S. health system as a whole, it means 30 percent of medical spending is wasted.
For patients? It means their time, energy and money could have been focused on smarter, safer, and more effective care.
The Choosing Wisely campaign aims to help patients and doctors talk about what’s truly needed. The ABIM Foundation has joined with more than 70 medical specialty societies to develop evidence-based lists of tests and procedures that should be questioned.
And as a partner in that effort, Consumer Reports has created more than 120 free brochures for patients and their families, addressing the most common of these concerns. We also have free posters, videos, rack cards, and wallet cards that help people ask their healthcare providers the right questions.
To distribute this material, CR has engaged with more than 50 organizations across the country, who help share it with yet more patients and families.
Choosing Wisely campaign brochures
Consumer Reports creates consumer resources based on many of the Choosing Wisely topics. The titles below connect to our growing catalog of brochures.
Advice for Caregivers: Treatments and Tests for Seniors →
Allergy Tests (AAAAI) →
Alzheimer’s Disease Testing (SNMMI) →
Antibiotic Treatment in the Hospital (SHEA) →
Antibiotics for Ear Infections in Children (AAFP) →
Antibiotics for People With Catheters (AUA) →
Antibiotics for Pink Eye (AAO) →
Antibiotics for Respiratory Illness in Adults (IDSA) →
Antibiotics for Respiratory Illness in Children (AAP) →
Antibiotics for Urinary Tract Infections in Older People (AGS) →
Antibiotics for Your Skin (AAD) →
Antibiotics: When You Need Them and When You Don’t →
Antibiotics: Will They Help You or Hurt You? →
Antipsychotic Drugs for People with Dementia (AGS) →
Artery and Vein Problems (SVS) →
Ask Your Doctor: Do I Need This Cancer Test or Treatment? (ASCO) →
Avoid Opioids for Most Long-Term Pain →
Back Pain Tests and Treatments (AAPM&R) →
Bed Rest for Lower-Back Pain (NASS) →
Blood Tests for Miscarriage Risk (SMFM) →
Blood Tests in the Hospital (SHM) →
Blood Transfusions for Anemia in the Hospital (ASH) →
Bone-Density Tests (AAFP) →
Brain Scans for Head Injuries (AMSSM) →
Breast Biopsy (CoC) →
Cancer Tests and Treatments (ASCO) →
Cardiac Imaging Stress Tests (ASNC) →
Care at the End of Life for Advanced Cancer Patients (ASCO) →
Carotid Artery Surgery (AAN) →
Chest X-rays Before Surgery (ACR) →
Cholesterol Drugs for People Over 75 (AMDA) →
Choosing Wisely: Antibiotics (Video) →
Clogged Neck Arteries (AAFP) →
CMR Tests for Chest Pain and Cardiac Screening (SCMR) →
Colonoscopy (AGA) →
CT Scans for Children With Head Injuries (AAP) →
CT Scans in the Emergency Department (ACEP) →
CT Scans to Find Lung Cancer in Smokers (CHEST/ATS) →
Dental Fillings That Contain Mercury (ACMT, AACT) →
Diabetes Tests and Treatments →
Dietary Supplements to Prevent Heart Disease or Cancer (ACPM) →
Do You Need a CT Scan for a Head Injury? (ACEP) →
Drugs for Migraine Headaches (AAN) →
Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis (ACR) →
Drugs to Prevent Infection During Chemotherapy (ASCO) →
Early Delivery (ACOG, AAFP) →
Echocardiogram Before Surgery (ASE) →
Echocardiography After Valve Surgery (STS) →
Echocardiography for Heart Valve Disease (ACC) →
EKGs and Exercise Stress Tests (AAFP) →
Feeding Tubes for People With Alzheimer’s (AGS, AAHPM) →
Five Physical Therapy Treatments You Probably Don’t Need (APTA) →
Getting the Right Care to Keep Your Children Healthy →
Getting the Right Care to Stay Healthy as You Age →
Health Checkups (SGIM) →
Heart Imaging Before Surgery (ACC) →
Heart Imaging Tests Before Surgery (ASNC) →
Heart Stress Tests Before Chest Surgery (STS) →
HIV: When You Need CD4 Tests (HIVMA) →
Home Apnea Monitors for SIDs (AAP) →
Home Oxygen After a Hospital Stay (CHEST/ATS) →
Hospital Hazards (AAN) →
Imaging and Blood Tests in Early Breast Cancer (ASCO) →
Imaging for Hearing Problems (AAO-HNSF) →
Imaging Tests After a Heart Procedure (ACC) →
Imaging Tests for Back Pain (AAFP) →
Imaging Tests for Early Prostate Cancer (ASCO) →
Imaging Tests for Headaches (ACR) →
Imaging Tests for Heart Disease (ACC) →
Imaging Tests for Ovarian Cysts (ACR) →
Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy (AAAAI) →
Implanted Heart Devices at the End of Life (AAHPM) →
Kidney Disease (ASN) →
Lab Tests Before Surgery (ASCP) →
Lyme Disease Tests (ACR) →
Making Smart Decisions About Genetic Testing (ACMG) →
Managing Side Effects of Cancer and its Treatments (AAN) →
Medical Tests Before Eye Surgery (AAO) →
Medical Tests Before Surgery →
Medicines to Relieve Chronic Pain (ASA) →
Medicines to Treat Cancer (ASCO) →
Monitoring Your Baby’s Heartbeat During Labor (AAN) →
Neck and Back Pain: When You Need Tests (AANEM) →
Oral Antibiotics for Ear Infections (AAO-HNSF) →
Overactive Bladder and Pelvic Organ Prolapse (AUGS) →
Painkiller Choices With Kidney or Heart Problems (ASN) →
Palliative Care (AAHPM) →
Pap Tests (AAFP) →
Pelvic Exams and Pap Tests Before Contraceptives (AAFP) →
PET Scans After Cancer Treatment (ASCO) →
Preventing Infections in the Hospital (SHM) →
Preventing Seizures After an Ischemic Stroke (AANS, CNS) →
PSA Test for Prostate Cancer (AAFP) →
PSA Tests for Prostate Cancer (AUA) →
Questions to Ask Your Doctor About Radiation for Cancer (ASTRO) →
Radiation Therapy for Breast and Gynecologic Cancers (ASTRO) →
Radiation Therapy for Cancer (ASTRO) →
Screening Tests for Brain Aneurysms (AANS) →
Screening Tests for Ovarian Cancer (SGO) →
Screening Tests: When You Need Them, When You Don’t →
Sentinel Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer (CoC, NAPBC) →
Sleeping Pills for Children With Insomnia (AASM) →
Sleeping Pills for Insomnia (AASM) →
Sleeping Pills for Insomnia and Anxiety in Older People (AGS) →
Spirometry for Asthma (AAAAI) →
Stable Heart Disease (SCAI) →
Stress Tests After a Stent Procedure (SCAI) →
Stress Tests Before Surgery (SVM) →
Stress Tests for Chest Pain (ASNC) →
Supplements for Osteoarthritis (AAOS) →
Taking Medicines Safely (ASHP) →
Testing After Heart Procedures (ASNC) →
Testosterone for Erection Problems (AUA) →
Tests and Treatments Employees May Not Need (ACOEM) →
Tests and Treatments for Prostate Cancer →
Tests and Treatments for Women with Breast Cancer (ASBS) →
Tests Before Heart Surgery (STS) →
Treating Acute Blood Clots (ASH) →
Treating Blocked Leg Arteries (SVM) →
Treating Frequent Headaches With Pain Relievers (AHS) →
Treating Heartburn and GERD (AGA) →
Treating Low-Risk Prostate Cancer (ASTRO) →
Treating Plantar Fasciitis (AOFAS) →
Treating Sinusitis (AAAAI) →
Treating Sinusitis (AAFP) →
Treating Sleep Problems (APA) →
Treatments and Tests Your Baby May Not Need in the Hospital (AAP) →
Unnecessary Treatments in the Emergency Room (ACEP) →
Urinary Tract Infections in Older People (AGS, AMDA) →
Vision Care for Children (AAPOS) →
Vitamin D Tests (ASCP) →
When It’s Hard to Get Pregnant (ASRM) →
When You Need a CT Scan to Check for a Blood Clot in Your Lungs (ACEP) →
Which Dental Treatments Are Right for You? (ADA) →
Whole-Body Scans to Screen for Cancer (ACPM) →
Why the Doctor May Not Order a CT Scan for Kidney Stones (ACEP) →
Campaign videos
Consumer Reports has created about a dozen videos about the Choosing Wisely campaign and about its popular topics. We urge you to share them with anyone who could use this information.
Here are some examples:
5 Questions to Ask Your Doctor from Consumer Health Choices.
Imaging for Lower Back Pain from Consumer Health Choices.
Choosing Wisely: Public Service Announcement from Consumer Health Choices.
Physician partners
Organizations of physicians and other providers participating in Choosing Wisely® include:
- American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
- American Academy of Clinical Toxicology
- American Academy of Dermatology
- American Academy of Family Physicians
- American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine
- American Academy of Neurology
- American Academy of Nursing
- American Academy of Ophthalmology
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
- American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- American Academy of Pediatrics
- The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
- American Academy of Sleep Medicine
- American Association of Blood Banks
- American Association of Neurological Surgeons
- American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
- American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
- American College of Cardiology
- American College of Chest Physicians
- American College of Emergency Physicians
- American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics
- American College of Medical Toxicology
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
- American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
- American College of Physicians
- American College of Preventive Medicine
- American College of Radiology
- American College of Rheumatology
- American College of Surgeons
- American Dental Association
- American Gastroenterological Association
- American Geriatrics Society
- American Headache Society
- AMDA – The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine
- American Medical Society for Sports Medicine
- American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society
- American Physical Therapy Association
- American Psychiatric Association
- American Society of Anesthesiologists
- American Society of Clinical Oncology
- American Society for Clinical Pathology
- American Society of Echocardiography
- American Society of Hematology
- American Society of Nephrology
- American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
- American Society for Radiation Oncology
- American Society for Reproductive Medicine
- American Thoracic Society
- American Urogynecologic Society
- American Urological Association
- Commission on Cancer
- Congress of Neurological Surgeons
- Endocrine Society
- Heart Rhythm Society
- Infectious Diseases Society of America
- National Physicians Alliance
- North American Spine Society
- Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions
- Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
- Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
- Society of Critical Care Medicine
- Society of General Internal Medicine
- Society of Gynecologic Oncology
- Society of Hospital Medicine
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
- Society of Thoracic Surgeons
- Society for Vascular Medicine
Here is the full updated list of specialty medical society partners.
Choosing Wisely grantees
In spring 2015, the ABIM Foundation — with continued funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) — awarded a second round of grants to organizations that promote the goals of the Choosing Wisely campaign.
These new grants support seven initiatives focused on reducing utilization of inappropriate tests and treatments. Each initiative includes delivery systems, hospitals and/or medical groups collaborating with multi-stakeholder community-based groups and physician-led organizations.
Greater Detroit Area Health Council
The Greater Detroit Area Health Council (GDAHC) has 70 years of experience leading multi-stakeholder projects on health care cost, quality, utilization and access. GDAHC will work with the Michigan State Medical Society (MSMS), the Detroit Medical Center Physician Organization, The Henry Ford Physician Network and others to reduce unnecessary care in the Detroit region.
Integrated Healthcare Association
California’s Integrated Healthcare Association (IHA), a nonprofit multi-stakeholder group focused on promoting quality improvement, accountability and affordability, will lead a project designed to promote appropriate care in both northern and southern California. IHA will partner with provider organizations Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group (San Diego County) and Sutter Health (Sacramento/Central Valley/San Francisco Bay), the California chapter of the American College of Physicians (ACP-CA), the Center for Healthcare Decisions (CHCD) and Blue Shield of California (BSC).
Maine Quality Counts
Maine Quality Counts (MQC), a multi-stakeholder regional health improvement collaborative and previous Foundation grantee, will lead an effort focused on Maine’s Midcoast and Greater Bangor regions. MQC will work with local partners and statewide organizations: Maine Medical Association, Maine Osteopathic Association, Consumers for Affordable Healthcare, Maine Area Agencies on Aging, and providers Mid Coast Health System, Martin’s Point Health Care, Penobscot Community Health Care, and Joseph Healthcare.
North Carolina Healthcare Quality Alliance
The North Carolina Healthcare Quality Alliance, a non-profit health collaborative, will work to reduce unnecessary care in central North Carolina and the rest of the state. NCHQA will partner with the North Carolina Medical Society, Duke Medicine, Cornerstone Health Care, Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Carolina and the State Health Plan for Teachers and State Employees.
University of California, Los Angeles
The UCLA Department of Medicine will lead a coalition of six partners working toward a dramatic reduction in low value care. The coalition includes: the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, the Los Angeles County DHS Primary Care Practice Based Research Network, The Wellness Center at Historic General Hospital, and the Society of General Internal Medicine.
Washington Health Alliance
The Washington Health Alliance (WHA), a purchaser-led regional health improvement collaborative and previous grantee, will continue to partner with the Washington State Medical Association (WSMA), another former grantee, to use Choosing Wisely to shape the state’s health care system. They will be joined by two provider organizations, Group Health Cooperative and Swedish Health Services.
Wisconsin Collaborative for Healthcare Quality
The Wisconsin Collaborative for Healthcare Quality (WCHQ), a regional healthcare collaborative and past ABIM Foundation grantee in advancing Choosing Wisely, will partner with provider organizations Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Monroe Clinic, the Wisconsin Academy of Family Physicians and the Wisconsin Medical Society.
Methods
As part of Choosing Wisely®, each participating specialty society has identified its own list of five common tests or procedures whose use in their profession should be discussed or questioned. The societies were given the following parameters to develop the lists:
- Each item should be within the specialty’s purview and control;
- Procedures should be used frequently and/or carry a significant cost; and
- There needs to be evidence to support each recommendation.
Consumer Reports then is creating consumer education materials for each item, intended for patients and their families.